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Numbers and the case after them (1, 2–4, 5+)

One of the most surprising rules: the case of the noun depends on the last digit of the number.

numbernoun formexamples
1 (21, 31…)nominative singular; jedan / jedna / jedno agreesjedan grad, jedna žena, jedno selo, dvadeset jedan grad
2, 3, 4 (22, 33, 104…)genitive singular (“paucal” form); dva (m./n.), dvije (f.)dva grada, tri žene, četiri sela, dvije kuće
5 to 20, 25…, and 11–14genitive pluralpet gradova, šest žena, deset sela, jedanaest ljudi

Adjectives follow: dva nova grada, dvije nove kuće, pet novih gradova.

Verb agreement:

Everyday examples: jedan sat, dva sata, pet sati (hours); jedna godina, dvije godine, pet godina (years); dvije marke, deset maraka.

Collective numbers for mixed groups and children: dvoje, troje, četvero / četvoro + genitive plural: dvoje djece — two children; Bilo nas je troje. — There were three of us.

Ordinals (like adjectives): prvi, drugi, treći, četvrti, peti…; dates: prvog maja / prvoga svibnja — on the first of May.

Landmarks: 11 jedanaest, 12 dvanaest, 20 dvadeset, 30 trideset, 100 sto / stotina, 1000 hiljada / tisuća.

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