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Modal verbs in detail

iduer / si / esmir / dir / siHochdeutsch
chönechachaschchachöndkönnen
müesemuesmueschmuesmüendmüssen
dörfedarfdarfschdarfdörfeddürfen
sölesöllsöllschsöllsöledsollen
welewottwotschwottwändwollen
mögemagmagschmagmögedmögen

Trap: i wott = I want. The little word wil means « because » (weil).

In the Perfekt, the modal stays in the infinitive and comes before the other infinitive: I ha müese schaffe (ich habe arbeiten müssen). On its own, with no other verb, it takes a participle: Das han i nöd gwellt (I didn't want that).

« Not need to »: nöd bruuche + z (Du bruuchsch nöd z warte).

Chasch mer hälfe?

Can you help me?

Mir händ lang müese warte.

We had to wait a long time.

Wotsch no es Stuck Chueche?

Do you want another piece of cake?

Du bruuchsch nöd z warte.

You don't need to wait.

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