Oblik: be (u potrebnom vremenu) + particip prošli. Mijenja se samo „be“; particip ostaje isti i ne slaže se ni u rodu ni u broju. Vršilac radnje dodaje se s by (od) samo ako je važan.
| vrijeme | aktiv | pasiv |
|---|---|---|
| present simple | They build houses. | Houses are built. (Kuće se grade.) |
| present continuous | They are building a house. | A house is being built. (Kuća se upravo gradi.) |
| past simple | They built it in 1900. | It was built in 1900. (Sagrađena je 1900.) |
| past continuous | They were repairing the road. | The road was being repaired. (Cesta/put se popravljao.) |
| present perfect | They have sold the car. | The car has been sold. (Auto je prodan.) |
| past perfect | They had cancelled the flight. | The flight had been cancelled. (Let je bio otkazan.) |
| budućnost | They will open the shop. | The shop will be opened. (Prodavnica će biti otvorena.) |
| modalni glagol | You must sign the form. | The form must be signed. (Obrazac mora biti potpisan.) |
| modalni + prošlost | Someone should have told him. | He should have been told. (Trebalo mu je reći.) |
Zašto „has been built“? To je jednostavno present perfect od „be“ (has been = bio je) plus particip glavnog glagola (built). Zato pasiv u perfektnim vremenima uvijek ima been: has been / had been / will have been + particip.
Engleski pasiv je mnogo češći nego u bosanskom/hrvatskom/srpskom i često odgovara konstrukciji sa „se“: English is spoken here (ovdje se govori engleski). Kod dva objekta osoba može biti subjekat: I was given a present (dobio sam poklon). She was told to wait (rečeno joj je da čeka).
Bezlični pasiv (novine, izvještaji): It is said that he is rich = He is said to be rich (priča se da je bogat).
get + particip = razgovorni pasiv za događaje: He got injured (povrijedio se). They got married (vjenčali su se).
have / get something done = dati nešto uraditi: I had my hair cut (ošišao sam se — kod frizera). We're getting the car repaired (dajemo auto na popravku).
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