Les apprendre par groupes, c'est plus facile. Past simple et participe passé :
| famille | base | past simple | participe passé |
|---|---|---|---|
| trois formes identiques | cut (couper), put (mettre), let (laisser), hit (frapper), set (régler), shut (fermer) | cut, put, let… | cut, put, let… |
| cost (coûter), hurt (blesser), read* (lire) | cost, hurt, read* | cost, hurt, read* | |
| * read : même orthographe, mais prononcé « red » au passé | |||
| passé = participe | buy (acheter), bring (apporter), think (penser), fight (se battre), catch (attraper), teach (enseigner) | bought, brought, thought, fought, caught, taught | (idem) |
| keep (garder), sleep (dormir), feel (sentir), leave (partir), meet (rencontrer), mean (signifier) | kept, slept, felt, left, met, meant | (idem) | |
| send (envoyer), spend (dépenser), build (construire), lend (prêter), lose (perdre) | sent, spent, built, lent, lost | (idem) | |
| say (dire), pay (payer), lay (poser), sell (vendre), tell (raconter), find (trouver), hold (tenir) | said, paid, laid, sold, told, found, held | (idem) | |
| stand (être debout), understand (comprendre), sit (s'asseoir), win (gagner), hear (entendre), hang (pendre) | stood, understood, sat, won, heard, hung | (idem) | |
| i – a – u | begin (commencer) | began | begun |
| drink (boire), sing (chanter), swim (nager) | drank, sang, swam | drunk, sung, swum | |
| ring (sonner), sink (couler) | rang, sank | rung, sunk | |
| run (courir) | ran | run | |
| participe en -n / -en | break (casser), speak (parler), choose (choisir), forget (oublier), wake (réveiller) | broke, spoke, chose, forgot, woke | broken, spoken, chosen, forgotten, woken |
| drive (conduire), ride (monter à), rise (se lever), give (donner), eat (manger), fall (tomber) | drove, rode, rose, gave, ate, fell | driven, ridden, risen, given, eaten, fallen | |
| grow (grandir), throw (lancer), blow (souffler), fly (voler), draw (dessiner), show (montrer) | grew, threw, blew, flew, drew, showed | grown, thrown, blown, flown, drawn, shown | |
| wear (porter), tear (déchirer), steal (voler, dérober), hide (cacher), bite (mordre), forgive (pardonner) | wore, tore, stole, hid, bit, forgave | worn, torn, stolen, hidden, bitten, forgiven | |
| autres | become (devenir), lie (être allongé), light (allumer), dig (creuser), shine (briller), forbid (interdire) | became, lay, lit, dug, shone, forbade | become, lain, lit, dug, shone, forbidden |
Pièges : lie – lay – lain (être allongé) ≠ lay – laid – laid (poser) ≠ lie – lied – lied (mentir). been / gone : She has been to Paris (elle est allée à Paris et elle est revenue) / She has gone to Paris (elle est partie à Paris, elle y est encore).
Traduis les mots de tes lectures, révise-les en flashcards et entraîne-toi avec des phrases à trous.
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