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Questions in detail

Inversion (careful style): subject pronoun after the verb with a hyphen. Between two vowels, add -t-: Parle-t-il français ? (Does he speak French?) A-t-elle fini ? (Has she finished?) Va-t-on au lac ? (Are we going to the lake?)

With a noun as subject, the noun stays in front and you add a pronoun: Marie vient-elle ? (Is Marie coming?) Ton frère travaille-t-il ici ? (Does your brother work here?)

With a question word, three styles:

casualeverydaycareful
Tu habites où ?Où est-ce que tu habites ?Où habites-tu ? (Where do you live?)
Tu fais quoi ?Qu'est-ce que tu fais ?Que fais-tu ? (What are you doing?)
you ask about…personthing
the subjectQui (est-ce qui) parle ? (Who is speaking?)Qu'est-ce qui se passe ? (What's happening?)
the objectQui cherches-tu ? / Qui est-ce que tu cherches ? (Who are you looking for?)Que cherches-tu ? / Qu'est-ce que tu cherches ? (What are you looking for?)
after a prepositionAvec qui parles-tu ? (Who are you talking to?)À quoi penses-tu ? (What are you thinking about?) De quoi parles-tu ? (What are you talking about?)

Que before the verb, quoi at the end or after a preposition.

Quel, quelle, quels, quelles (which / what) agree with the noun: Quelle heure est-il ? (What time is it?) Quels livres aimes-tu ? (Which books do you like?) Quel est ton nom ? (What's your name?) Lequel, laquelle… = "which one": J'ai deux vestes, laquelle préfères-tu ? (I have two jackets, which one do you prefer?)

The preposition always goes at the start, never at the end as in English: Avec qui tu pars ? (Who are you leaving with?)

To ask for confirmation: n'est-ce pas ?, or hein ? in speech: Tu viens, n'est-ce pas ? (You're coming, aren't you?)

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